2015年3月16日是最新一次GMAT换库时间。为此，新东方网GMAT频道第一时间为各位考生整理了2015年3/4月GMAT机经(语法1)，供考生们参考使用，希望对各位备考能有帮助。

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　　2. 语法考动词后加不加s, it 还是they的题比较多。

　　【分析】主谓一致。如果一个句子中有多个动词和主语，要找好对应关系，再判断单复数。下面总结一下主谓一致中比较重要的知识点。

　　(一) 容易引起主语不明显的两个情况

　　1) 插入语：在主语和谓语之间插入一些说明的成分

　　介宾短语(of,/for by,/in,/with/,at,/to,/on,/from 后面的词不是主语可以忽略，所以要学会看到介词跳读。)

　　(Near Galway), the HOUSES (ON the road TO Spiddle )ARE gorgeous.

　　2) 前置短语：在主语之前放一些修饰成分

　　(When the auditors left), the executive (who had been interviewed) was glad.

　　说明：从句始终只是句子中辅助的成分，类似大形容词，大名词或大副词。

　　(二) and 和表示连接的词

　　1) and 连接几个不同的名词的时候构成复数结构，谓语动词要用复数。有且只有“and”可以将单数主语改编成复数主语。其他添加伴随连接词的单数主语，依然是单数主语。

　　2) 其他连接性的词(along with, in addition to, as well as, together with, including)虽然也表达“and”的意思，但是连接不同的名词，只是起着修饰的作用，不会改变主语的单复数，不影响谓语动词。

　　· Joe, as well as his friends, IS going to the beach.

　　· Mathematics, in addition to history and science, IS a required subject.

　　3) 一些表示学科的词(physics, mathematics)、一些活动-有氧运动(aerobics)和一些疾病-糖尿病(diabetes)虽然以S结尾，仍属于单数名词，谓语动词用单数。

　　(三) either or, neither nor

　　1) 就近原则：离谓语动词近的是单数，谓语动词就用单数;复数就用复数

　　Neither the coach nor the players ARE going to the beach.

　　Neither the players nor the coach IS going to the beach.

　　2) 若仅仅只有either or neither, 没有or 、nor，则谓语动词一定要用单数

　　(四) 集合性名词：在GMAT中一般被认为是单数名词，看做一个整体，跟单数谓语

　　· People: agency, army, audience, class, committee, crowd, orchestra(乐队), team

　　· Items: baggage, citrus(橙类), equipment, fleet(舰队/小河), fruit, furniture

　　The CROWD in the stands IS cheering loudly as the home TEAM TAKES the field.

　　Our ARMY of a hundred thousand soldiers IS attacking the enemy.

　　(五) 非限制性的代词，一般用单数

　　Anyone, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, each, every, someone, somebody,

　　something, everyone, everybody, everything, whatever, whoever, either…or..; neither…nor..

　　特殊情况，如果遇到 ASNAM“Some,any,none,all,more/most”需要根据后面的“OF的介宾短语”中的名词内容确定谓语的单复数

　　1) Some, 谓语单复数，取决于SOME后面的词的单复数。需要看介宾短语词!

　　· Some of the money was stolen from my wallet.

　　· Some of the documents were stolen from the bank.

　　2) Any, None永远跟单数。

　　· Any of these women IS a suitable candidate for marriage to my son.

　　Technically，none of + plural noun can take either a singular or a plural verb form.

　　其中，not one 永远是单数

　　· Not one of my friends IS here this weekend.

　　3) all ,more/most, part, half, 谓语要看后面的介宾短语中的名词单复数。

　　(六) each & every 两个词如果放在复数主语之前用单数，复数主语之后用复数

　　· Every dog and cat has paws. They each are great tennis players.

　　由each/every开头+任何名词(不论单复数)一律用谓语单数。

　　(七) 量词

　　A number of +复数主语+复数谓语(a number of 可以看成是some/many)

　　The number of +复数/单数主语+单数谓语

　　Majority(多数), minority(少数民族/少数), and plurality(多数)

　　这些词既可以是单数也可以是复数，根据其修饰的主语(of 后面的词)决定其单复数。通常表示一个大群体的一部分时，用复数。

　　a group of/ a body of/ an array of/ a series of/ s asset of/ a portion of+复数名词，谓语动词用单数

　　(八) 倒装：主语的单复数向后看

　　1) Wrong: Near those buildings SIT a lonely house, inhabited by squatters.

　　Right: Near those buildings SITS a lonely house, inhabited by squatters.

　　2) Wrong: There IS a young man and an older woman at the bus stop.

　　Flip it! A young man and an older woman ARE there at the bus stop.

　　Right: There ARE a young man and an older woman at the bus stop.

　　3) Uncertain: Pong is a classic game from which have/has descended many current computer pastimes.

　　Flip it! Pong is a classic game from which many current computer pastimes HAVE descended.

　　Right: Pong is a classic game from which HAVE descended many current computer pastimes.

　　【例题】

　　The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon were built on a spectacular scale with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.

　　(A) with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were

　　(B) with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each,

　　(C) of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each that had been

　　(D) of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms and with each

　　(E) of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each had been

　　解析:

　　考点: 句子结构(Grammatical Structure) 逻辑表达(Logical Predication) 有效用词(Diction)

　　1) 一个完整的句子之中只能有一个谓语动词，两个谓语动词之间必须有连词进行连接

　　2) each型独立主格,强调句尾名词,形式为:

　　句子 + 复数名词结尾, each + 介词短语/形容词短语/-ed形式/-ing形式。

　　E.G. Chinese, the most ancient of living writing systems, consists of tens of thousands of ideographic characters, each character a miniature calligraphic composition inside its own square frame.

　　选项分析:

　　(A) 划线的were作为谓语和划线部分之前的谓语were重复，应该去掉或者用连词and连接;

　　(B) Correct，of up to 600 rooms each作为插入语修饰structures，connected分词跳过插入语修饰前面最邻近的名词structures.

　　(C) 将 with改变成of后，介词的修饰对象发生改变;原句with结构修饰built,而of结构修饰的是scale;将插入语变成句子一部分后，each同 位语修饰的对象也发生改变，变成了修饰最邻近的rooms而不是structures，rooms被马路连接不符合题目原意和逻辑表达;each同位语从 句用过去完成时同样没有必要性.

　　(D) 按D答案给出的句意，with each和on a spectacular scale平行，但each connected by改变了原文的句意，原文没有表达出每一个都被连接的意义

　　(E) 如果each做代词指代主语应该在each前面加上连词and，E答案中each后面是完整句子但没有连词进行连接;had been过去完成时没有必要性。

　　想让GMAT4月机经来得更猛烈些？请戳>>2015年3/4月GMAT机经汇总（语法）

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