新东方网为同学们整理了GMAT语法策略详细介绍,供考生参考学习。
1. The proposed urban development zones do not represent a new principle; it was employed in “Operation Bootstrap” in Puerto Rico.
(A) do not represent a new principle; it
(B) represent not a new principle, but one that
(C) are not a new principle; the same one
(D) are not a new principle, but one that(B)
(E) are not new in principle; it
首先这是一道考逻辑的题目,题目说城市发展区并没有代表一个新原则,但是C, D, E把represent改成了be动词,意思就变成城市发展区是一个新原则了,我们只能说城市发展区 代表一个原则,而不能说城市发展区是一个原则,所以这三个选项逻辑都错了。A, B两个 选项其实逻辑和语法都正确,但是选项B使用了not…but这个使句子更为对称的结构,而根据正确答案一般都是符合对称性的选项的原则,所以答案选E。
我们再看一道非常类似的题目:
2.For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788, England exiled some 160,000 criminals to Australia.
(A) For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788,
(B) Beginning in 1788 for a period of a hundred years,
(C) Beginning a period of almost a hundred years, in 1788,
(D) During a hundred years, a period beginning in 1788,(E)
(E) Over a period of a hundred years beginning in 1788,
这道题目和刚才那道题目非常类似,A,B,C三个选项都有逻辑上的错误,分词结构beginning用来修饰England,这样就变成英格兰建国于1788年了,虽然说我们在考场上可能不知道英格兰建国于哪一年,但肯定不是1788年而应该更早,所以A,B,C都错了。D选项和E选项其实语法和逻辑都正确,但是D选项犯了个很小的语法习惯上的错误。一般同位语只用来修饰句子的主语或宾语,而不能修饰句子的从属部分。D中a period作为同位语,修饰了前面的状语a hundred years,所以错了。但这个错误非常之小,脱离了这道题目一般不用考虑。
最后??找出一个相对正确答案的应用。
3.At the time of the Mexican agrarian revolution, the most radical faction, that of Zapata and his followers, proposed a return to communal ownership of land, to what had been a pre-Columbian form of ownership respected by the Spaniards.
(A) land, to what had been a pre-Columbian form of ownership respected by the Spaniards
(B) land, a form of ownership of the pre-Columbians and respected by the Spaniards
(C) land, respected by the Spaniards and a pre-Columbian form of ownership
(D) land in which a pre-Columbian form of ownership was respected by the Spaniards(A)
(E) land that had been a pre-Columbian form of ownership respected by the Spaniards
这道题目中A选项的what引导的从句是作为同位语出现的,而一般同位语出现都是正确答案的标志,因为它很简洁,指代对象也很清楚。有些同学可能会疑惑为何加了个to,其实这个to正是一个正确答案的标志,它符合了介词尽量补出的原则。由于前面的结构是to communal ownership of land,为了使what修饰communal ownership,所以前面补了个to,这样就消除了任何歧义,what只能修饰ownership了。B选项and前后不对称,前面是一个名词而后面是一个分词,C选项前面是个分词后面是个名词也不对称,所以都错了。D和E语法与逻辑没有大问题,但是考虑到它们都用了定语从句,而A中的同位语是优于定语从句的,更何况A还用了介词尽量补出的原则,所以答案选A。
由上面的分析可以看出,GMAT语法的相对正确不仅包括从几个都是错误的选项中去选出一个错误相对来说比较轻微的选项作为正确答案,还包括从几个都是正确的选项中找出一个最符合正确答案特征的选项作为正确答案,这样就体现了GMAT考试的能力性,增加了它的难度。但只要大家对真题进行反复的练习,相信大家一定能够对相对正确性有一个很好的理解和把握。
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