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106. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.
(A) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(B) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission
(C) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(D) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying it,
(E) A technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced X-ray emission,
答案解析如下:
(A)Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
【正确】 “Originally developed for detecting air pollutants”和“called proton-induced X-ray emission”正确地作定语就近修饰了“a technique”,“which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it”正确地就近修饰了“proton-induced X-ray emission”。需要说明的是, “proton-induced X-ray emission” 含义并不仅仅是一种普通的“emission(放射)”,而是一种“technique(技术)”,因此可以被一个用来形容技术的定语从句修饰。
【大意】 原本开发用作探测污染物,一项称为proton-induced X-ray emission的技术能够不摧毁物质就分析其中的化学元素,正在制药、考古和刑侦中得到应用。
(B)Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission
【错误】 修饰成分:“Originally developed for detecting air pollutants”是“a technique”的定语,两者之间插入了伴随状语“having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it”,构成了不必要的跳跃修饰,在GMAT考察的标准书面英语中,定语要尽量避免跳跃修饰。因此本选项的修饰关系逊于(A)中
“ Originally developed for detecting air pollutants”就近修饰“a technique”。
(C)A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
【错误】 修饰成分:与(B)中“修饰成分”类似,“called proton-induced X-ray emission”跳过“originally developed for detecting air pollutants”修饰名词“A technique”构成跳跃修饰。
(D)A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying it,
【错误】 修饰成分:见(B)。
(E)A technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced X-ray emission,
【错误】 修饰成分:类似地,见(B)。
【最优解题思路推荐】
定语(即名词修饰语)的使用应尽量避免跳跃修饰,(A)没有其他语法错误,且避免了跳跃修饰,因此修饰关系比其他选项更加明确。因此选择(A)。
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